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湖北專升本網(wǎng)分享:專升本英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞!
2022-01-29 01:39 自考


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    一、基數(shù)詞及其主要用法
  表示數(shù)目的詞稱基數(shù)詞。15 fifteen,幾百幾千不加s,242 two hundred and forty-two,5058 five thousand and fifty-eight,9,600,000 nine million six hundred thousand
  1.基數(shù)詞可以用于數(shù)字的計(jì)算。
  6+8=14 Six plus eight is fourteen.
  9-7=2 Nine minus seven is two.
  7X5= 35 Seven times five is thirty-five.
  8÷4=2 Eight divided by four is two.
  2.基數(shù)詞可以表示人的大致年齡和年代。
  He died in his fifties.
  This took place in 1990s/1990s.
  The professor became successful in his thirties.
  3.基數(shù)詞可以用來(lái)表達(dá)年份、時(shí)間、電話號(hào)碼。
  1700 seventeen hundred
  1814 eighteen fourteen
  9:20 nine twenty
  11:30 eleven thirty/ half past eleven
  5:45 five forty-five/ a quarter to six
  88760231 eight eight seven, six zero two, three one
  4.基數(shù)詞可以用于編號(hào)。
  Number six, line 4, page 19, Bus(No.) 332, Platform (No.) 5, Room 101
  5.基數(shù)詞可以和其他詞一起構(gòu)成合成形容詞,在句子中作定語(yǔ)。
  A one-month-old baby can recognize its mother by smell.
  This eleven-month-old baby can speak a few words.
  (The baby is eleven months old.)
  The teacher asked us to write a four-thousand-word essay as our homework.
  (There are four thousand words in the essay.)
  This four-paragraph essay is too difficult for me to understand.

  (There are four paragraphs in this essay. )




  二、序數(shù)詞及其主要用法
  表示順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞。如first, second, third, fourth, ninth, twenty-first, forty-fifth等。
  序數(shù)詞可以用來(lái)表示日期和世紀(jì)。May the first / the first of May(5.1), August the eighth / the eighth of August(8.8), the twentieth century, the twenty-first century
  序數(shù)詞在句子中前面一般加the
  The first of October is our National Day.
  She was the third to arrive.
  序數(shù)詞在句子中前面加不定冠詞,表示“再一”又一“。
  Theyll have to do it a second time.
  Shall I ask him a third time?
  When he sat down , a fourth man rose to ask.
  三、分?jǐn)?shù)詞的構(gòu)成
  分?jǐn)?shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞表示,分母用序數(shù)詞表示,若分子大于1,分母需用復(fù)數(shù)。
  two-thirds(2/3),one-third(1/3), nine-tenths (9/10), five-twelfths(5/12)。
  特殊表達(dá)法有:one half (1/2),a quarter (1/4), three quarters (3/4) .
  考試重點(diǎn)
  基數(shù)詞可以和其他詞一起構(gòu)成合成形容詞,在句子中作定語(yǔ),名詞不能加s.
  數(shù)詞部分需特別注意dozen, hundred, million, billion 等詞。表示具體數(shù)字時(shí),這些詞用單數(shù)形式,表示不具體的數(shù)字時(shí),須用dozens of, hundreds of 這類(lèi)的結(jié)構(gòu)。
  I want three dozen of these.
  He has been there dozens of times.







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